This forward-thinking Handbook explores cutting-edge research on how employees within firms should be managed in order to increase their wellbeing and performance. Expert contributors explore an emerging stream of research in human resource management (HRM) which suggests that attention should be paid to how line managers implement HR practices and how employees perceive, understand and attribute these HR practices. Chapters consider the implications of employees' and leaders' HR attributions and their performance, HRM system strength, change, talent management and the role of line managers in the HRM process. Providing an overview of the current knowledge in the HR process research, the Handbook also discusses future avenues and directions for the field. Demonstrating the dynamics of how HR practices impact organisational and individual outcomes, this Handbook will be critical reading for scholars and students of human resource management, organisational behaviour and research methods in business and management. It will also be beneficial for HR professionals seeking to understand how they can increase the effectiveness of their HR management.

This forward-thinking Handbook explores cutting-edge research on how employees within firms should be managed in order to increase their wellbeing and performance. Expert contributors explore an emerging stream of research in human resource management (HRM) which suggests that attention should be paid to how line managers implement HR practices and how employees perceive, understand and attribute these HR practices. Chapters consider the implications of employees' and leaders' HR attributions and their performance, HRM system strength, change, talent management and the role of line managers in the HRM process. Providing an overview of the current knowledge in the HR process research, the Handbook also discusses future avenues and directions for the field. Demonstrating the dynamics of how HR practices impact organisational and individual outcomes, this Handbook will be critical reading for scholars and students of human resource management, organisational behaviour and research methods in business and management. It will also be beneficial for HR professionals seeking to understand how they can increase the effectiveness of their HR management.

Social anthropologist Jean Lave and computer scientist Etienne Wenger’s seminal Situated Learning helped change the fields of cognitive science and pedagogy by approaching learning from a novel angle. Traditionally, theories of learning and education had focused on processes of cognition – the mental processes of knowledge formation that occur within an individual. Lave and Wenger chose to look at learning not as an individual process, but a social one.

As so often with the creative thinking process, a small, simple shift in emphasis was all that was required to show things in an entirely different light. What Situated Learning illustrated – and emphasized – was that learning is dependent on its social situation. Even though the most effective way to learn is through interaction with experts and peers in a community organized around a common interest, the traditional cognitive learning model failed to account for the way in which learners interact with their ‘community of practice.’ The new hypothesis that Lave and Wenger developed was that learning can be seen as a continuously evolving set of relationships situated within a social context. This allowed Lave and Wenger to place discussions of apprenticeship and workplace learning on a new footing – and led in turn to the book’s impressive impact in business and management scholarship.

Social anthropologist Jean Lave and computer scientist Etienne Wenger's seminal Situated Learning helped change the fields of cognitive science and pedagogy by approaching learning from a novel angle. Traditionally, theories of learning and education had focused on processes of cognition - the mental processes of knowledge formation that occur within an individual. Lave and Wenger chose to look at learning not as an individual process, but a social one. As so often with the creative thinking process, a small, simple shift in emphasis was all that was required to show things in an entirely different light. What Situated Learning illustrated - and emphasized - was that learning is dependent on its social situation. Even though the most effective way to learn is through interaction with experts and peers in a community organized around a common interest, the traditional cognitive learning model failed to account for the way in which learners interact with their 'community of practice.' The new hypothesis that Lave and Wenger developed was that learning can be seen as a continuously evolving set of relationships situated within a social context. This allowed Lave and Wenger to place discussions of apprenticeship and workplace learning on a new footing - and led in turn to the book's impressive impact in business and management scholarship.

This Book provides a detailed account of genomic variations amongst geographic isolates of Helicoverpa armigera Nucleopolyhedrosis Virus which in turn is reflected in their bio-efficacy. The procedural detailing given here will be extremely helpful to the beginners in the field. We have tried our best to cover all the aspects with detailed discussion on each and every aspect.We wish the beneficiaries of this book all the very best in their endeavor to unearth the new vistas of this science.